Explanation and Ranking of Organizational Factors for Realizing the Second Step of the Revolution Statement in Iran's Education System

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to explain and rank the organizational factors contributing to the realization of the Second Step of the Revolution Statement within Iran's education system.   Methodology: The research employed an exploratory mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, academic and organizational experts, including senior and middle managers from the education sector, were interviewed using the Delphi technique in four rounds. In the quantitative phase, data were collected from school managers in Mazandaran Province through a researcher-developed 96-item questionnaire, analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS software. For the prioritization phase, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied using a matrix questionnaire in Expert Choice software. The qualitative sample consisted of 20 purposively selected experts, while the quantitative sample included 281 school managers selected using multi-stage relative cluster sampling. Additionally, 35 experts participated in the prioritization phase. Reliability and validity of instruments were confirmed through various methods, including test-retest reliability, Cronbach's alpha, and content and construct validity.   Findings: The qualitative analysis identified seven key dimensions for realizing the Second Step of the Revolution Statement in the education system: science and research, spirituality and ethics, economy, justice and anti-corruption, independence and freedom, national dignity, foreign relations and boundary-setting with the enemy, and lifestyle. These dimensions were further broken down into 24 components. The quantitative analysis confirmed all components of the research model. Prioritization results highlighted the "independence and freedom" dimension and the "job security" component as the most critical.   Conclusion: The study provides a comprehensive model for implementing the Second Step of the Revolution Statement in Iran's education system, emphasizing the importance of independence, freedom, and job security as key organizational factors. This model can guide policymakers and administrators in fostering an effective and aligned education system.